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Nadezhda K. Krupskaya
Nadezhda Konstantinovna Krupskaya (26 February 1869 - 27 February 1939) was a Russian Bolshevik revolutionary, politician, and the wife of Vladimir Lenin from 1898 until his death in 1924. She play...lihat lebih banyakNadezhda Konstantinovna Krupskaya (26 February 1869 - 27 February 1939) was a Russian Bolshevik revolutionary, politician, and the wife of Vladimir Lenin from 1898 until his death in 1924. She played a central role in the Bolshevik (later Communist) Party, and served as the Soviet Union’s Deputy Minister of Education from 1929 until her death in 1939.
Born in 1869 to Konstantin Ignatevich Krupsky, an army officer, and Elizaveta Tistrova Krupskaya, a teacher and a children’s author, Krupskaya attended the Prince A.A. Obolensky Female Gymnasium in St. Petersburg, winning a gold medal in 1882 for academic excellence. Following graduation she worked at the Gymnasium as a part-time teaching assistant until 1891 and also enrolled in the Bestuzhev Courses, the first university program for women in St. Petersburg. She became a Marxist activist and met Lenin around1894. She was arrested in August 1896 and sentenced in 1898 to three years of exile, obtaining permission to spend her term with Lenin (then in exile until 1900) in Shushenskoye, Siberia, whom she married in 1898.
In 1901, after serving her term, Krupskaya joined Lenin in Munich and began working as his personal secretary and editorial secretary for his party newspapers and journals. She supported him in his factional feuds within the Russian Social-Democratic Workers’ Party, helped found the Bolsheviks, and assumed a large degree of responsibility for organizing its members inside Russia.
Returning to Russia after the February Revolution of 1917, Krupskaya spread Bolshevik propaganda, carried messages from Lenin to his colleagues while he was hiding in Finland (July-October), and, after the Bolsheviks seized power (October 1917), became a prominent member of the collegium of the People’s Commissariat of Education.
Following Lenin’s death in 1924, Krupskaya joined Joseph Stalin’s opponents but later dissociated herself from the opposition and the intraparty struggles.lihat lebih sedikit
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Memories of Lenin Vol. I Memories of Lenin Vol. II Penilaian: 0 dari 5 bintang0 penilaian